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DOI: 10.15507/2658-4123.036.202602.433-447

UDK 621.941

 

Tribological Properties of End Milling Cutters Operating under Continuous Cutting Conditions

 

Sergei A. Plotnikov
Dr.Sci. (Eng.), Professor of the Department of Mechanical Engineering Technology, Vyatka State University (36 Moskovskaya St., 610000 Kirov, Russian Federation), ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8887-4591, Researcher ID: R-8491-2016, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Alexander S. Kluonis
Post-graduate Student of the Department of Mechanical Engineering Technology, Vyatka State University (36 Moskovskaya St., 610000 Kirov, Russian Federation), ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0149-8082, Researcher ID: JNQ-9802-2023, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

 

Abstract
Introduction. Throughout the entire period of its development, agricultural machine engineering has paid special attention to the manufacture and improvement of cutting tools. Modern methods of coating create thin, uniform layers having high hardness and low friction coefficients. Optimal coating compositions are often selected empirically; therefore, developing new functional surface coating compositions for cutting tools requires theoretical prediction of their result parameters.
Aim of the Study. The aim of the study is to investigate tribological characteristics of carbide end milling cutters manufactured by JSC Lepse under the conditions of dry sliding friction across the entire cutting part periphery through conducting express tests.
Materials and Methods. The scanning electron microscope JEOL JSM-6510LV was used to study elemental compositions of the surface coating and tool material of the milling cutters. The friction force was determined using a unique laboratory setup for express tests of tribological characteristics. After testing, there has been assessed the degree of end milling surface wear using the direct laboratory research microscope Axio Scope.A1.
Results. There has been determined the identical composition of the milling cutter coating. There has been found the dependence of the friction force on the tool operating time. At the beginning of operation (the first 30–300 seconds), the friction force reached its highest values and then it stabilized at different levels depending on the application of load: 2.5 N at 200 N, 3.5 N at 300 N, and 10 N at 400 N.
Discussion and Conclusion. The increase in axial load causes increased wear and chipping formation. The size and propagation of chippings along the cutting edge increases and reaches a critical level at a load of 400 N. The obtained data can be used to create new surface coating compositions and architectures. The further research should be conduct to expand the experimental matrix through testing coatings of different architectures and elemental compositions, and implementing temperature control in the contact zone.

Keywords: end milling cutters, carbide alloy, surface treatment, tribological characteristics, express tests, cutting edge wear, friction force, elementary composition, cutting tools

Conflict of interest: The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest.

For citation: Plotnikov S.А., Kluonis А.S. Tribological Properties of End Milling Cutters Operating under Continuous Cutting Conditions. Engineering Technologies and Systems. 2026;36(2):433–447. https://doi.org/10.15507/2658-4123.26362.433-447

Authors contribution:
A. S. Plotnikov – general guidance, formulating the study objectives.
S. A. Kluonis – theoretical analysis, conducting laboratory research.

All authors have read and approved the final manuscript.

Submitted 26.03.2025;
revised 20.10.2025;
accepted 02.02.2026

 

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