08. Ashitko A.A., Gavrish E.A., Nesmiyan A.Yu., Kolesnik R.Yu. Technological Properties of Radish

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UDK 635.152

DOI: 10.15507/2658-4123.029.201902.265-278

Technological Properties of Radish

Andrey A. Ashitko
Post Graduate Student, Azov-Black Sea Engineering Institute of Don State Agrarian University (21 Lenina St., Zernograd 347740, Russia), ResearcherID: N-6272-2018, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4896-2682, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Evgeny A. Gavrish
Graduate Student, Azov-Black Sea Engineering Institute of Don State Agrarian University (21 Lenina St., Zernograd 347740, Russia), ResearcherID: N-6380-2018, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3573-0041, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Andrey Yu. Nesmiyan
Professor, Chair of Technologies and Mechanization Tools of Agriculture, Azov-Black Sea Engineering Institute of Don State Agrarian University (21 Lenina St., Zernograd 347740, Russia), D.Sc. (Engineering), Associate Professor, ResearcherID: N-6221-2018, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5556-1767, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Ruslan Yu. Kolesnik
Post Graduate Student, Azov-Black Sea Engineering Institute of Don State Agrarian University (21 Lenina St., Zernograd 347740, Russia), ResearcherID: N-6372-2018, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5614-2428, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Introduction. When cultivating root crops, harvesting is one of the most important operations. In industrial production, the technique for harvesting beets, carrots, black radishes, chicory, etc. is widely known, except for radishes, which differ significantly in the sowing scheme, maturation periods, and in physical and mechanical properties of the plants. In the study dealing with the development of small-scale mechanization for harvesting radishes, the authors made a determination of basic physical and mechanical properties of this plant.
Materials and Methods. The study was conducted for the two radish varieties (Celeste and Belokrayka), typical for the Southern and North Caucasus federal districts of Russia. In doing so, the known methods were used to determine the size, mass and frictional characteristics of radishes.
Results. It was established that the Celeste radishe was 1.2–2.1 times larger than the Belokrayka radish and 1.8–2.8 times heavier. The weight of the radish roots (10...28 g.) in the total mass of the plant was 52–90 %, and the weight was 0.5–0.6 %. The average diameter of the radish roots was 26.7–34 mm, with a coefficient of variation (V) about 13–14 %, radish root height was 29–45 mm (at V ≈ 18–20 %). A direct correlation between all the dimensions considered was found. The coefficient of the static friction of radish roots with unpainted steel was 0.63–0.66, the movement was 0.44–0.58. Frictional characteristics of the stems of the radish leaves were 1.25 times higher on the average. The diameter of the bundle of stems at the proposed cut end was 9–12 mm.
Discussion and Conclusion. In general, the physical and mechanical characteristics of radishes depend significantly on their variety, maturity, freshness and other factors, so the results of the study vary significantly. Nevertheless, they can be used as primary information for designing radish harvesting machines.

Keywords: radish, mechanization of process, variety, physical and mechanical property, dimensional characteristic, friction property, weight

For citation: Ashitko A.A., Gavrish E.A., Nesmiyan A.Yu., Kolesnik R.Yu. Technological Properties of Radish. Inzhenernyye tekhnologii i sistemy = Engineering Technologies and Systems. 2019; 29(2):265-278. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15507/2658-4123.029.201902.265-278

Contribution of the authors: A. A. Ashitko – studying the size and mass characteristics of the Belokrayka radish plants, analyzing the level of mechanization of the processes of harvesting of root crops; E. A. Gavrish – studying the size and mass characteristics of the Celeste radish plants; A. Yu. Nesmiyan – writing the draft version of the article, analysing the results, proofreading the text of the article; R. Yu. Kolesnik – studying frictional properties of radish plants, creating a list of references.

All authors have read and approved the final version of the paper.

Received 08.07.2018; revised 14.09.2018; published online 28.06.2019

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