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DOI: 10.15507/2658-4123.26363.618-643

UDK 631.354.2:001.8

 

Classification of the Operating Modes of a Combine Harvester Hydraulic Cylinder based on Experimental Study Data

 

Nikolay V. Limarenko
Dr.Sci. (Eng.), Associate Professor, Professor of the Department of Instrumentation and Biomedical Engineering, Chief Researcher of the RSM-Star Research Laboratory of the Institute of Advanced Mechanical Engineering, Don State Technical University (1 Gagarin Square, Rostov-on-Don 344000, Russian Federation), ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3075-2572, Researcher ID: O-5342-2017, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Dmitry N. Savenkov
Cand.Sci. (Eng.), Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Technology and Food Production Technologies, Head of the Research Laboratory RSM-Star of the Institute of Advanced Mechanical Engineering, Don State Technical University (1 Gagarin Square, Rostov-on-Don 344000, Russian Federation), ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4546-424X, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Maxim K. Sukhanov
Post-Graduate Student of the Department of Instrumentation and Biomedical Engineering, Researcher of the RSM-Star Research Laboratory of the Institute of Advanced Mechanical Engineering, Don State Technical University (1 Gagarin Square, Rostov-on-Don 344000, Russian Federation), ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3363-6349, Researcher ID: LVS-4135-2024, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

 

Abstract
Introduction. Improving the energy efficiency and operational reliability of combine harvesters is largely depends on the technical condition of the hydraulic drive, operational failures of which lead to increased downtime and economic costs. At the same time, there are no unified, experimentally based approaches to generating data suitable for intelligent support of energy-saving when operating hydraulic units.
Aim of the Study. The study is aimed at selecting representative sample of experimental data and developing interpretable models for differentiating the operating modes of the hydraulic cylinder of the combine harvester RSM 161 for intellectual support for energysaving solutions.
Materials and Methods. The object of the study was the hydraulic cylinder of the combine harvester RSM 161. Experimental studies were performed on a specially designed hydraulic test rig using experimental planning methods. The operating and loading pressures, and the rod stroke time were selected as variable factors. The output parameters were the temperature of the hydraulic oil, the pressure drop in the hydraulic cylinder and the acceleration of the rod at the time of the start of movement. There were used regression analysis methods to process statistical data processing and construct regression models.
Results. There have been constructed the second-order regression models describing the dependences of output parameters on combinations of operational factors. There has been also found the high predictive ability of the oil temperature and rod acceleration models (R2 = 0.99 and R2 = 0.98, respectively) and there has been confirmed the statistical significance of the influence of operating modes on the energy load of the hydraulic cylinder. The totality of the measured parameters makes it possible to consistently differentiate between normal, transient, and overload hydraulic drive operation modes.
Conclusion. The developed methods and models ensure the formation of a structured and representative experimental database, which can be used for augmentation of training samples and pre-training of neural network algorithms. The results create the basis to develop intelligent systems for making energy-efficient decisions and are aimed at reducing energy losses while increasing the operational reliability of combine harvesters.

Keywords: harvester hydraulic cylinder, hydraulic drive, intelligent system, support system for making decisions, operating modes of the combine hydraulic system, operational reliability, header hydraulic cylinder failure, energy efficiency

Funding: The study was carried out within the framework of the implementation of the Grant Project of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation 075-03-2025-302/1 dated 03.25.2025.

Conflict of interest: The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest.

For citation: Limarenko N.V., Savenkov D.N., Sukhanov M.K. Classification of the Operating Modes of a Combine Harvester Hydraulic Cylinder based on Experimental Study Data. Engineering Technologies and Systems. 2026;36(3):618–643. https://doi.org/10.15507/2658-4123.26363.618-643

Authors contribution:
N. V. Limarenko – controlling and mentoring the study planning and conducting; formulating the study ideas, aims and objectives; preparing and presenting the manuscript, specifically visualizing and presenting the data.
D. N. Savenkov – conducting the study, specifically performing the experiments, collecting data; preparing and presenting the manuscript, specifically visualizing and presenting the data.
M. K. Sukhanov – conducting the study, specifically performing the experiments, collecting data; preparing and presenting the manuscript, specifically visualizing and presenting the data.

All authors have read and approved the final manuscript.

Submitted 20.01.2026;
revised 16.02. 2026;
accepted 27.02.2026

 

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