To download article.DOI: 10.15507/2658-4123.032.202202.249-262
Dynamics of Fractional Composition of Grain-and-Straw Mass Being Threshed in the Threshing Mechanism of a Combine Harvester
Eduard V. Zhalnin
Head of the Technology and Equipment Department for Grain, Grain Legumes and Oilseeds, Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM (5, 1st Institutskiy Proyezd, Moscow 109428, Russian Federstion), Dr.Sci. (Engr.), Professor, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5467-0654, Researcher ID: AAG-1285-2021, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Mikhail E. Chaplygin
Head of the Laboratory of Technology and Machines for Sowing and Harvesting Grain and Seed, Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM (5, 1st Institutskiy Proyezd, Moscow 109428, Russian Federstion), Cand.Sci. (Engr.), Senior Researcher, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0031-6868, Researcher ID: AAZ-6056-2020, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Abstract
Introduction. The article presents the results of theoretical and experimental studies of threshing and separation processes in the threshing mechanism of the combine harvester with a digital assessment of the fractional composition of the grain-and-straw material being threshed. The obtained data will allow detecting dynamics of fractional composition of grain-and-straw mass being threshed in the threshing gap of the threshing mechanism depending on its supply.
Materials and Methods. The research was carried out on a special stand in the form of a separate unit of the combine threshing mechanism. Grain-and-straw samplers were installed under each threshing section. The mass feed was changed from 1.0 to 6.0 kg/s at a straw ratio of 1:1. The obtained data were approximated using a standard procedure.
Results. There was determined the amount of grain and straw passed through the threshing section screen and the rest of grain and straw entering the straw separator depending on their initial amount. For each fraction, there were determined the ratio of straw mass to grain mass, the density and thickness of the grain-and-straw heap layer on the shaking board ahead of the grates and at the beginning of the straw separator keys. The dynamics of grain-and-straw separation was identified by scanning the length of the grains with the determination of the density and compression degree of the grain-and-straw mixture layer in the threshing gap.
Discussion and Conclusion. It was found that in the heap of grain-and-straw passed through a threshing section, the ratio of straw mass to grain mass decreases from 0.46 to 0.27 and density increases from 60.1 to 84.0 kg/m3. In the heap of grain-and-straw that fell on the straw separator, the ratio of the straw mass to the grain mass decreases from 11.2 to 2.0, the density increases within a small range from 21.7 to 26.4 kg/m3. Thickness of the heap layer on the shaking board in front of the cleaning sieves varies in the range 0.25‒10.20 cm, and on the straw walker ‒ 2.2‒19.8 cm when changing the supply of the total mass for threshing from 1 to 6 kg/s.
Keywords: grain-and-straw heap, threshing drum, separation, density, layer thickness, approximation
Acknowlegments: The authors express their gratitude to the anonymous reviewers.
Conflict of interest: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
For citation: Zhalnin E.V., Chaplygin M.E. Dynamics of Fractional Composition of Grain-and-Straw Mass Being Threshed in the Threshing Mechanism of a Combine Harvester. Engineering Technologies and Systems. 2022;32(2):249–262. doi: https://doi.org/10.15507/2658-4123.032.202202.249-262
Contribution of the authors:
E. V. Zhalnin – scientific guidance, formulation of the main concept, goal and objectives of the study, development of test methods, finalization of the text, formation of conclusions.
M. E. Chaplygin – preparation of the initial version of the text, analysis of literary sources, visualization, finalization of the text, formation of private and general conclusions.
All authors have read and approved the final manuscript.
Submitted 07.02.2022; approved after reviewing 01.03.2022;
accepted for publication 15.03.2022
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