To download article.UDK 553.8+550.42
DOI: 10.15507/2658-4123.030.202001.149-161
Physical Methods for Studying Jades of Different Colors
Igor Yu. Shelekhov
Associate Professor of Chair of Urban Construction and Economy of Institute of Architecture, Construction and Design, Irkutsk National Research Technical University (83 Lermontov St., Irkutsk 664074, Russia), Ph.D. (Engineering), ResearcherID: V-3045-2017, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7677-3187, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Tamara I. Shishelova
Professor of Chair of Physics, Irkutsk National Research Technical University (83 Lermontov St., Irkutsk 664074, Russia), D.Sc. (Engineering), ResearcherID: V-2981-2017, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2372-8144, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Evgeniy I. Smirnov
Postgraduate Student of Chair of Engineering Communications and Life Support Systems of Institute of Architecture, Construction and Design, Irkutsk National Research Technical University (83 Lermontov St., Irkutsk 664074, Russia), ResearcherID: V-3117-2017, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4999-7342, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Introduction. The article presents an analysis of the various applications of crystals, describes the historical and cultural foundations of using mineral raw materials for various purposes, including medical ones. It is shown that a special place in this list is occupied by jade (nephrite), which is one of the most common minerals used in therapeutic equipment. Moreover, the cost of this equipment is determined by the color of the material used. Therefore, the task is to conduct a study of jade of different colors by physical methods.
Materials and Methods. For the study samples of yellow jade, green jade, black jade, and white jade were made; samples of different colors of jades were made according to the “thin section” type and had a flat surface. The phase analysis of jades was carried out on the DRON-1 diffractometer. The diffraction pattern was recorded using a scintillation counter with amplitude discrimination. The diffraction pattern was recorded sequentially as the sample and counter, which were located on the GUR-5 goniometer, rotated. The report of rotation angles was made with an error of up to 0.005º.
Results. The article presents the results of studying the chemical analysis of jades of different colors and a diffractogram of yellow, green, black and white jades. The authors also provide a table for deciphering the interplanar distances and the intensities of the main lines of the studied jade samples.
Discussion and Conclusion. The studies have shown that the studied samples are tremolites by chemical composition. The chemical analysis of black jade showed that because of an increase in ferrous iron and a decrease in the proportion of magnesium, a transition to actinolite is noted. A decrease in fluorine content by an order of magnitude is also observed in the black jade sample.The conducted studies offer new possibilities for expanding the general concepts of creating a healthy environment, where all events are connected in a single logical chain. The presented material gives the opportunity to add research from the fields of chemistry, biology, and medicine to the logical chain.
Keywords: minerals, jade, physical research methods, optical absorption spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis, healthy environment, therapeutic equipment
Funding: The study was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (Contract No. 20-48-380002\20).
For citation: Shelekhov I.Yu., Shishelova T.I., Smirnov E.I. Physical Methods for Studying Jades of Different Colors. Inzhenerernyye tekhnologii i sistemy = Engineering Technologies and Systems. 2020; 30(1):149-161. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15507/2658-4123.030.202001.149-161
Contribution of the authors: I. Yu. Shelekhov – literary data analysis, scientific guidance, research task definition, data processing, article writing; T. I. Shishelova – literature analysis, text editing; E. I. Smirnov – analysis of literary data, preparation of samples, collection and analysis of analytical and practical materials, development of the experiment’s methodology, computer implementation of the problem solution.
All authors have read and approved the final manuscript.
Received 02.09.2019; revised 06.11.2019; published online 31.03.2020
REFERENCES
1. Heater for Combined System for Heating Rooms with Low Thermal Insulation: Patent 177507 Russian Federation. No. 2016149900; appl. 16.12.2016; publ. 28.02.2018. Bulletin No. 7. Available at: https://patents.s3.yandex.net/RU177507U1_20180228.pdf (accessed 26.02.2020). (In Russ.)
2. Shelekhov I.Yu., Shishelova T.I., Smirnov Ye.I., et al. Combined Electric Heating System for Timber Frame Houses. Vestnik Mordovskogo Universiteta = Mordovia University Bulletin. 2017; 27(2):198-214. (In Russ.) DOI: https://doi.org/10.15507/0236-2910.027.201702.198-214 (accessed 26.02.2020).
3. Nikolaev A.G., Popov M.P., Nizamova A.V. Color Nature and Crystallochemical Features of Nephrite at Bazhenovsky Chrysotile-Asbestos Deposit (Middle Urals). Metallogeniya drevnikh i sovremennykh okeanov = Metallogeny of Ancient and Modern Oceans. 2019; (1):241-244. Available at: https://kpfu.ru/publication?p_id=203226&p_lang=2 (accessed 26.02.2020). (In Russ.)
4. Feng X., Zhang Y., Lu T., et al. Characterization of Mg and Fe Contents in Nephrite Using Raman Spectroscopy. Gems and Gemology. 2017; 53(2):204-212. (In Eng.) DOI: https://doi.org/10.5741/GEMS.53.2.204
5. Popov M.P., Sorokina E.S., Kononkova N.N., et al. New Data on the Genetic Linkage of Beryll and Chrisoberyl Chromophors of the Ural’s Emerald Mines with Chromium-Bearing Spinels of the Bazhenov Ophiolite Complex. Doklady Akademii nauk = Reports of the Academy of Sciences. 2019; 486(6):699-703. (In Russ.) DOI: https://doi.org/10.31857/S0869-56524866699-703
6. Emmett J.L., Stone-Sundberg J., Guan Y., et al. The Role of Silicon in the Color of Gem Corundum. Gems & Gemology. 2017; 53(1):42-47. Available at: https://www.gia.edu/gems-gemology/spring-2017-role-silicon-color-gem-corundum (accessed 26.02.2020). (In Eng.)
7. Pham V.L., Pardieu V., Giuliani G. Update on Gemstone Mining in Luc Yen. Gems & Gemology. 2013; 49(4):233-245. Available at: https://www.gia.edu/doc/WN13.pdf (accessed 26.02.2020). (In Eng.)
8. Oranska O.I., Gornikov Yu.I. X-Ray Diffraction and Thermal Studies on Some Food and Cosmetic Bentonite Clays. Khіmіya, fіzika ta tekhnologіya poverkhnі = Chemistry, Physics and Technology of Surface. 2019; 10(1):13-21. (In Ukr.) DOI: https://doi.org/10.15407/hftp10.01.013
9. Strelchenko O.V., Voevoda M.I., Zaigraev A.L., et al. Informatization as the Most Important Factor in the Successful Development of Healthcare Facilities. Sibirskiy nauchnyy meditsinskiy zhurnal = The Siberian Scientific Medical Journal. 2019; 39(2):110-115. (In Russ.) DOI: https://doi.org/10.15372/SSMJ20190216
10. Risse G.B. Ancient Egyptian Medicine. A Journal of the History of Science Society. 1999; 90(4):800. (In Eng.) DOI: https://doi.org/10.1086/384532
11. Šedinova H. Stones in the Ancient and Early-medieval Medicine Scripts. Listy filologické. 2000; 123(1). (In Eng.)
12. Sidorov A.A. On Healing by Stones. Vestnik Rossiyskoy Akademii Nauk = Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Sciences. 2012; 82(8)774-776. Available at: http://www.ras.ru/publishing/rasherald/rasherald_articleinfo.aspx?articleid=4e61a196-fc90-4984-82b5-bb0f288e2f5e (accessed 26.02.2020). (In Russ.)
13. Tondiy L.D., Zakrevskaya E.L. May the Stones Do Clinic Effect? Vostochnoevropeyskiy zhurnal vnutrenney i semeynoy meditsiny = East European Journal of Internal and Family Medicine. 2016; (2):34-36. (In Russ.) DOI: https://doi.org/10.15407/internalmed2016.02.033
14. Wang R. Progress Review of the Scientific Study. Archaeometry. 2011; 53(4):674-692. (In Eng.) DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-4754.2010.00564.x
15. Burtseva M.V., Ripp G.S., Posokhov V.F., et al. Nephrites of East Siberia: Geochemical Features and Problems of Genesis. Geologiya i geofizika = Russian Geology and Geophysics. 2015; 56(3):516-527. (In Russ.) DOI: https://doi.org/10.15372/GiG20150303
16. Wang N. Prospects of Economic Cooperation Development between Henan Province and Irkutsk Oblast. Izvestiya Irkutskoy gosudarstvennoy ekonomicheskoy akademii = Izvestiya of Irkutsk State Economics Academy. 2015; 25(3):512-518. Available at: http://izvestia.bgu.ru/reader/article.aspx?id=20190 (accessed 26.02.2020). (In Eng.)
17. Tatarinov A.V., Yalovik L.I., Kanakin S.V., et al. The First Discovery of Nephrite With Platinum Group Accessory Minerals. Doklady Akademii nauk = Reports of the Academy of Sciences. 473(2):201-204. (In Russ.) DOI: https://doi.org/10.7868/S0869565217080217
18. Method for Production of Thick Film Resistance Heater: Patent 2463748 Russian Federation. No. 2011103148/07; appl. 28.01.2011; publ. 10.08.2012. Bulletin No. 28. Available at: https://patents.s3.yandex.net/RU2011103148A_20120810.pdf (accessed 26.02.2020). (In Russ.)
19. Heating Element: Patent 109628 Russian Federation. No. 2011110667/07; appl. 21.03.2011; publ. 20.10.2011. Bulletin No. 29. Available at: https://patents.s3.yandex.net/RU109628U1_20111020.pdf (accessed 26.02.2020). (In Russ.)
20. Shelekhov I.Yu., Shishelova T.I., Smirnov Ye.I. New Technical Solutions for Designing Thermoelectric Systems. Vestnik Mordovskogo universiteta = Mordovia University Bulletin. 2018; 28(1):48-61. (In Russ.) DOI: https://doi.org/10.15507/0236-2910.028.201801.048-061
21. Shelekhov I.Yu., Smirnov Ye.I., Inozemtsev V.P. Heating Appliance Designs Based on Physical and Mathematical Modeling. Nauchnoye obozreniye = Scientific Review. 2016; (1):42-48. (In Russ.)
22. Shishelova T.I., Shelekhov I.Yu. Development of Heating Equipment and Study of Its Efficiency in Life Support Systems. Vestnik Irkutskogo gosudarstvennogo tehnicheskogo universiteta = Irkutsk State Technical University Bulletin. 2007; 1(1):104-109. Available at: http://journals.istu.edu/vestnik_irgtu/journals/2007/01a (accessed 26.02.2020). (In Russ.)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
