09. Gladkikh V. A., Vlasenko V. D. Micro-Bending Effect on the Field and Energy of Weakly Guiding Optical Fiber with a Gradient Profile in Single-Mode Regime

DOI: 10.15507/2658-4123.034.202403.495-515

Micro-Bending Effect on the Field and Energy of Weakly Guiding Optical Fiber with a Gradient Profile in Single-Mode Regime

Vyacheslav A. Gladkikh
Cand.Sc. (Phys.-Math.), Senior Researcher, Computing Center of the Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (65 Kim Yu Chen St., Khabarovsk 680000, Russian Federation), ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3922-9609, Researcher ID: GLU-2712-2022, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Victor D. Vlasenko
Cand.Sc. (Phys.-Math.), Scientific Secretary, Computing Center of the Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (65 Kim Yu Chen St., Khabarovsk 680000, Russian Federation), ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7782-4532, Researcher ID: E-2432-2019, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Abstract
Introduction. Optical fibers are widely used for high-bandwidth transmitting communication signals over long distances. The key feature enabling this performance is signal low attenuation, that is signals experience minimal power loss propagating along the optical fiber. One of the factors influencing power loss during information transmission is the fiber bending. Bending can increase the signal transmission power loss of an optical fiber because of both macrobending and microbending. Studying the dependence of signal power losses when bending on waveguide parameters makes it possible to control the signal power losses of an optical fiber during information transmission.
Aim of the Study. The study ia aimed at evaluating the effect of microbending on the field and energy of a weakly guiding optical fiber with a gradient refractive index profile in a single-mode regime.
Materials and Methods. From the equations for the fields of straight and curved sections of weakly guiding fiber for an arbitrary gradient profile of the refractive index with the help of the subsequent solution of inhomogeneous Helmholtz equations by the Green’s function method, there were obtained expressions for relative energy: the ratio of the field energy of the fiber curved section to the field energy of the fiber straight section (in the first approximation for a single-mode regime).
Results. The obtained expression for the relative energy depends on two parameters: the waveguide parameter and the ratio of the optical fiber radius to the radius of curvature. For the quadratic case of a power-law profile, as the closest to the actually used one, numerical calculations were used to construct the dependences of the relative energy on the parameter characterizing the bending for different values of the waveguide parameter.
Discussion and Conclusion. It has been shown that in the case of microbending, the longer the wavelength or the smaller the fiber radius, the lower the losses. The results obtained can be used in calculating optical fiber profiles designed to operate in a bent state and eliminate expensive experimental modeling of light guides and in designing waveguides to solve specific applications, in particular, to increase energy efficiency, reliability and performance of the measuring instruments.

Keywords: weakly guiding optical fiber, single-mode regime, micro-bending, graded index, Helmholtz equation, Green’s function, relative energy

Acknowledgments: The authors express their gratitude to the anonymous reviewers.

Conflict of interest: The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest.

For citation: Gladkikh V.A., VlasenkoV.D. Micro-Bending Effect on the Field and Energy of Weakly Guiding Optical Fiber with a Gradient Profile in Single-Mode Regime. Engineering Technologies and Systems. 2024;34(3):495–515. https://doi.org/10.15507/2658-4123.034.202403.495-515

Authors contribution:
V. A. Gladkikh – development of the concept and plan of the article, theoretical research, review and analysis of literature, formulation of conclusions.
V. D. Vlasenko – calculations, analysis of the results, preparation of the text with subsequent revision.

All authors have read and approved the final manuscript.

Submitted 07.12.2023; revised 09.02.2024; accepted 16.02.2024

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