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DOI: 10.15507/0236-2910.027.201703.373-381

Onset of diabetes mellitus in children population in the Republic of Mordovia

Yelena S. Samоshkina
Associate Professor of Chair of Pediatrics, Medical Institute, National Research Mordovia State University (68 Bolshevistskaya St., Saransk 430005, Russia), Ph.D. (Medicine), ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8192-7902, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Larisa Yu. Mukhina
Associate Professor of Chair of Pediatrics, Medical Institute, National Research Mordovia State University (68 Bolshevistskaya St., Saransk 430005, Russia), Ph.D. (Medicine), ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2033-6869, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Kira N. Chigineva
Clinical Resident of Chair of Pediatrics, Medical Institute, National Research Mordovia State University (68 Bolshevistskaya St., Saransk 430005, Russia), ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8723-8390, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Natalia V. Ahtimanovа
Student of the Medical Institute, National Research Mordovia State University (68 Bolshevistskaya St., Saransk 430005, Russia), ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7230-1596, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Anastasia V. Oskina
Clinical Resident of Chair of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Institute, National Research Mordovia State University (68 Bolshevistskaya St., Saransk 430005, Russia), ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3135-3960, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Introduction: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) in children is a cause of early disability and high mortality in people of working age. There was an increase in incidence of type 1 diabetes worldwide while increasing the number of patients from South to North and from East to West. The maximum number of patients is in the Nordic countries. However, identified exceptions (e.g. Sardinia) justify the need for continuing epidemiological studies in the Russian Federation, where the detaled information has began to emerge only in recent years.
Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis of 134 case histories of children with newly diagnosed diabetes in Endocrinological Department of Children’s Republican Clinical Hospital during the period from 2005 to 2014 was carried out. All children underwent a comprehensive laboratory and instrumental examination with daily monitoring of blood glucose, determination of ionic composition, concentration of C-peptide, antibody to GAD, insulin levels, glycated hemoglobin, and glycosuria ketonuria.
Results: According to the study the duration of diabetes from the onset of the first symptoms to the verification of the diagnosis was more than 3 weeks. A classic clinical picture is characterized with a predominance of symptoms of dehydration and energy deficiency, hyperglycemia, hypoinsulinemia and increase the level of antibodies to components of the beta cells.
Discussion and Conclusions: Despite the presence of a clear and peculiar clinical picture, a late appeal for medical help in children with diabetes mellitus demonstrates that it contributes to the high frequency of decompensated ketoacidosis in children at disease onset. It is necessary to raise the awareness of health professionals and the public for timely diagnosis of diabetes in children.

Keywords: diabetes mellitus, children, glycemia, glycosylated hemoglobin, insulin, C-peptide, glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodes

For citation: Samoshkina Ye. S., Mukhina L. Yu., Chigineva K. N., Akhtimanova N. V., Oskina A. V. Onset of diabetes mellitus in children population in the Republic of Mordovia. Vestnik Mordovskogo universiteta = Mordovia University Bulletin. 2017; 27(3):373– 381. DOI: 10.15507/0236-2910.027.201703.373-381

Contribution of the co-authors: Ye. S. Samoshkina: scientific supervision, developing the concept and methods of the study, critical review and revision of the final text; L. Yu. Mukhina: developing the concept and methods of the study, collecting, reviewing and analyzing the relevant data; K. N. Chigineva: collecting, the relevant data, formal analysis and data processing; N. V.Ahtimanova: reviewing the relevant literature, data processing; A. V. Oskina: reviewing the relevant literature, writing the draft, computer text processing.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.